Personality Psychology †Sojourner Truth Essay

Sojourner justness (c.1797 26 November 1883)Sojourner truth consecrate her life to fighting hard workerry, and advocating enough rights for wo custody. She first began speech in 1827, giving personalised testimony of the evils and harshness of slavery and later as a unfaltering supporter of suffr ripen, as well as exponentd for equal rights for women. At the 1851 Womens Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio, she delivered her speech Aint I a Wo piece of music which is now lordly among classic text of feminism. She lived her life in the water-shed geezerhood of Ameri layabout abolition of slavery and became a attracter and recognise as an icon for equality of rights and freedom. At birth, trueness was named Isabella and was a slave for the first xxviii years of her life because she was a child pictorial by slaves. In 1826, Truth began life as a free charr but save(prenominal) after 18 years in 1843 at the age of forty-six years, she rename herself, Sojourner Truth is my name, because from this day silly I will walk in the light of His truth. (p.77). The moment of naming herself marked Truths cognitive freedom from her enslaved past.Neo-Analytic Approach to constitutionThe neo-analytic advance to temper asseverate that the undivideds gumption of self as the core of personality property that the self struggles to cope with emotions and drives on the inside and the demands of former(a)s on the step upside (Friedman & Schustack, 2011) that piece nature is positionive and goal-oriented that nightclub and culture bodspersonality and that development continues throughout lifespan. For the outline of Sojourner Truths personality, the concepts of neo-analytical theorist Alfred Adler argon selected for the purpose.Adlers Concept of Humanityfice & Feist (2006) depict Adlers concept of humanity as that tribe are self-determinant, and their unique personalities are shaped by how they interpret their lives and experiences. citizenry are ulti mately amenable for their own personalities and possess the originative indicant to interpret feelings of inadequacy towards a last(a) goal of both personal superiority or goal of winner for indian lodge.i. Striving for superiority or supremacyAdler believed that the substitution core of personality is the striving for superiority towards a last-place goal. The final goal while put on and has no objective existence unifies personality and renders exclusively behaviour comprehensible. According to Feist & Feist (2006), Adler posit that feelings of inferiority motivate a person to try for each a self-centered (selfish) goal of superiority, or an altruistic goal of conquest for all in all humans. The final goal compensates and reduces feelings of inferiority and weakness, and drives the individual to seek either superiority or succeeder. Truth was a slave for twenty-eight years. During her imprisonment, she was abused and treated as personal chattel or property. Her slave-masters dictated and hold s course her life. Her enslavement caused Truth to feel inferior but soon enough her reaction to those feelings of inferiority was to deformd for a goal for achievement (for society).Throughout her life as a free woman, Sojourner Truth devoted herself to fight ag ainst slavery and for equal rights for all. During the American Civil War, Truth risked her life to derive and deliver supplies to black volunteer regiments and was continually heterogeneous in various political causes. With the National freedmans Relief Association she continued to progress to to better conditions and lives for all African Americans of which her last take the field (sadly unsuccessful) was a land distribution programme for former(prenominal) slaves.ii. fond InterestAdler (1956) state that those who strive for success (instead of self-centered superiority) possess a sense of personal worth that is tied closely to their contributions to human society. Social pr ogress is more important to them than personal faith (Feist & Feist, 2006, p.72). Truth transcended her oppressed past turned out to be a healthy individual who was prompt without personal gain to help others to seek success for all humanity (Feist & Feist, 2006). She was not motivated by personal gain.iii. Fictionlism / Peoples behaviour and personality is shaped by their subjective perceptions. Adlerian approach offers that that tribe are motivated by their subjective perceptions of what is unfeigned, and not by what is true. Their subjective perceptions of reality (i.e. similes) influence them as if were reality. According to Feist & Feist (2006), fictions, regard little true or false, are bureauful influence on muckles life.An example of a fiction is the belief in an big businessmanful idol that guides and helps shape many peoples lives and actions. This is clearly present in Truths life.Sojourner Truths parents taught her to believe in deity, and that theology is always with her and she is never alone (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.22). Throughout her life, she held this belief in an omnipotent God, and it was her source of solace (especially during her enslavement), and later guide her in decision-making and actions. Truth believed that God was her true master. After eighteen years as a free woman, a chance encounter became the tipping point of her self-realisation. A woman asked for her name and upon that very moment Truth realise that all her life she had her slave-masters names and thereby declared, The sole(prenominal) master I invite now is God and His name is Truth. And gave herself the last name Truth (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.77).Truth maintained a practice of meditation and indistinct prayer through which she claimed God communicates with her. In her earth speaking,she usually began with a declaration of her unearthly link, Well, Children, I speaks to God and God speaks to meI talks to God and God talks to me. (McKiss ack & McKissack, 1992, p.82 and 117).Truth sought spiritual guidance during stressful times. For example when she had recently only left her former slave-master Dumont, she was intimidated by threats to her children to fall sustain to Dumonts farm. After the incident she shared saviour stopped me and that she experienced a causationful wildness that turned her aroundwhen she tried to go back to the Dumont farm. Truth held that the event was a profound meaningful spiritual experience that convinced her that she was never deprivation back to enslavement (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.41).Another example of Truths staunch belief that God was on her side In her fight to free and commence her son to be returned to her, Truth prayed for divine intervention,God show those some me that you are my Helper (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.43). She was aid by Quaker abolitionists and a fair evaluate ru guide justly in her favour.iv. Value of human activity must be evaluated on the d ry land of kindly interest group. Adler posit that social interest is the natural human condition and that it binds society as a whole. According to Feist & Feist (2006), Adler held that social interest is the only gauge to be used in judging the worth of a person levelheaded individuals strives for perfection for all people in an grand communityare genuinely concerned about people and have a goal of success that encompasses the well(p)-being of all people (p.75 & 77).Sojourner continually wheel stave against slavery, campaigned for emancipation of slaves, suffrage and equal human rights. She spoke out against mistreatment and injustice in the army, gathered and distributed donations of nutriment and clothing, and helped in military wards and hospitals. In 1864, Truth was recognized for her work and efforts by President Abraham Lincoln at the White House.v. Masculine Protest / Society & farming Shapes People Adler reasoned that culture and society influenced people to over emphasize the importance of being manly, i.e. masculine protest. many an(prenominal) societies promote the belief that men are superior to women, inexplicitly implying that women are inferior. However Adler uphold that women have the physiological and psychological needs as men and therefore want more or less the same things that men want (Feist & Feist, 2006, p.85). This echoes feminists campaigns for equal rights political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities.Truth attended the first home(a) (USA) Womens Rights Convention in 1850, and was inspired as well as motivated to speak and advocate for Equality before the law without distinction of fire or colour (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.106). From that time on, she spoke for abolition of slavery and equality for women. In her 1851 speech at the Womens Rights Convention in Akron,Ohio, Truth gainsay gender discrimination, subordination, and dispelled the illusion of woman as the weaker sex. That man over there sa ys that women need to be helped into carriages, and get up over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. nothing ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place And aint I a woman? visualize at me Look at my arm I have plowed and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me And aint I a woman?I could work as much and eat as much as a man when I could get it and bear the lash as well And aint I a woman? (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.112-114)vi. LifestyleA lifestyle encompasses daily activities one time pursuing ones goals. According to Hergenhahn (2009), Adler believed that for a lifestyle to be genuinely effective it must contain considerable interest, i.e. working toward a society that would provide a better life for everyone. People with a healthy, socially useful lifestyle talk their social interest through action. (Adler described a lifestyle without adequate social interest as a Mistaken Lifestyle.) According to Feist & Feist (2006), Adler considered three intertwined social issues as extreme to an effective lifestyle occupational tasks choosing and pursuing a career that makes one feel worthwhile societal tasks creating friendships and social networks and get by tasks finding a fitted life-partner.Truths lifestyle embodied all of Adlers identified three social issues * occupational tasks Truth embraced a career to fight for emancipation of slavery and equal rights for women. Besides public-speaking against slavery, Truth also worked to improve living conditions for all. In 1865, at the age of seventy, Truth accepted the task to promote order, cleanliness, industry, and fairness among the patients at the Freedmans Hospital (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.149).* societal tasks Regardless when she was a slave or as a free woman, Truth formed relationships which led to social networks of friends, supporters, and even fans. Her circle of friends included Lucy Stone, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Harri et Tubman, derriere Brown, Richard Allen, John Jay, Frederick Douglass, and many many more evenly enlightened beings.* Truth was separated from Robert, her first hunch over who was a slave from another farm, because his slave-master forbade their marriage as children from slave-parents would belong to the slave-mothers owner. Later Truth get married (on orders of her slave-master) Tom, one of the other slaves belonging to the same slave-master. Eventually, they grew to love each other in their own way and shared common respect for each other (McKissack & McKissack, 1992, p.33).viiCreative PowerAdler believed that each person possess the power to create their own lifestyle. In line with existentialistic philosophy, Adler concord that people are ultimately responsible for who they are and their behaviour. People are their own architect and can build either a useful or a useless lifestyle (Feist & Feist, 2006, p.79). The creative power propels each and every one towards a goal, ir respective whether in the direction of social interest or not. An individuals creative power empowers that individual to control their own life to determine their final goal and strive for that goal, and contributes to development of social interest.Truths personality reflected her optimal creative power that helped her manifest an effective lifestyle, successfully overcoming her lamented enslavement and consequently striving for success for all humans. In Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs, Truth would be considered an actualized personality.ConclusionAdlerians maintain that people are naturally positive and goal-oriented. He also posited that mentally healthy people strive for societal success for all humans. In summary of Sojourner Truths personality, it is found that Truth explicitly actualized Adlers Individual Psychology Truth manifested her creative power to strive for success (for all humans), thereby lived an effective (valued) lifestyle which embodied social interests a nd dispelled implicit inferiority of being a former slave, black, and a woman, with a staunch belief that divine power (God) guided and helped her throughout her life.ReferencesFeist, J., & Feist, G.J. (2006). Theories of Personality (6th ed.). USA McGraw-Hill Asia. Friedman, H.S., & Schustack, M.W. (2011). Personality Classic Theories and Modern Research (4th ed.). Boston PearsonHergenhahn, B.R. (2009). An instauration to the History of Psychology (6th ed.). Belmont, CA. WadsworthLiebert, R., Liebert, L. (1998). Liebert & Liebert Spieglers Personality Strategies and Issues (8th ed.). pacific Grove, CA. Brooks/Cole.McKissack, P.C.,& McKissack, F.(1992). Sojourner Truth Aint I a Woman? New York Scholastic.